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Beyoncé, Doctor Who and an underground river - the secrets of BBC Maida Vale

This article was last updated on 18 August 2023 and first published on 6 June 2018

Blur performing live at Maida Vale in 2012

There’s nowhere quite like BBC Maida Vale. A complex of seven studios housed in a former Edwardian rollerskating rink, almost every musician of note in the world has passed through its doors since the BBC took over the building in 1933. Thanks to its distinct array of studio spaces, housing a combination of vintage and state-of-the-art equipment, Maida Vale has routinely hosted everything from symphony orchestras to upcoming BBC Music Introducingbands to the biggest pop acts of today - not to mention the majority of the BBC’s radio drama output. It was also once home to the groundbreaking BBC Radiophonic Workshop.

The iconic studios have now been purchased by a group led by Oscar-winning composer Hans Zimmer, with a plan to continue the space’s incredible musical heritage. To honour this passing of the torch, we've delved into the archives to discover 12 amazing Maida Vale facts.

1. It's the busiest recording studio in the world

Beyoncé recording at Maida Vale Studio 4 in 2008

Someone is always recording at Maida Vale, and because the focus is on short sessions rather than albums, many artists will pass through its doors in a single day. Everyone who is anyone has recorded there, from The Beatles to Beyoncé to the obscurest of indie bands who taped one session for John Peel before instantly splitting up.

Florence And The Machine - Dog Days Are Over

Florence And The Machine performing live at Maida Vale studios for BBC Introducing in September 2008.

2. It was once the largest indoor rollerskating rink in Europe

When it was built in 1909, the Maida Vale Roller Skating Palace and Club was the largest indoor rollerskating rink in Europe, complete with its own orchestra balcony. Sadly for the rollergirls and boys of west London, this venture didn’t last long and the building was commandeered by a number of different organisations, including the Ministry of Health, before the BBC took it over in the early 1930s.

Over a period of 15 months, the building was completely gutted and fashioned into a purpose-built studio complex. Pre-dating Broadcasting House, it became one of the BBC’s earliest premises, home to the BBC Symphony Orchestra and the corporation’s news operation during World War II.

3. It can accommodate a 150-piece orchestra and a 100-piece choir

Recording A Christmas Carol with The BBC Symphony Orchestra and BBC Singers in Maida Vale Studio 1

Studio 1 remains the home of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, who are fortunate among British orchestras in having a permanent space to rehearse, record and perform (as well as the orchestra and the choir, there is also space in MV1 for an audience of 220). Famous conductors of the BBC SO over the years include Arturo Toscanini and Pierre Boulez.

4. The Doctor Who theme tune was recorded there

Delia Derbyshire of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop, creator of the Doctor Who theme

Between 1958 and 1998, Maida Vale was home to the BBC Radiophonic Workshop - a pioneering electronic sound laboratory that also happened to produce some of the most iconic theme music and sound effects in history.

The Doctor Who theme tune was created there in 1963, before the availability of modular synthesisers, using Daphne Oram's experimental sound machines. She and the Radiophonic Workshop fashioned their own electronic instruments using banks of oscillators attached to keyboards made from old piano keys, while the sound of the Tardis was initially created by scraping a set of keys along the strings of the gutted piano.

As well as providing all the music and sound effects for Doctor Who up to 1985, The Radiophonic Workshop also created material for Blake’s 7, The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, Tomorrow’s World and Blue Peter.

5. It's a live venue with serious flexibility

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One of the key functions of Maida Vale is its ability to double as a live broadcasting venue as well as a recording studio. During BBC Radio 1’s Future Festival in 2017 - featuring artists such as Nadia Rose, Jorja Smith and The Big Moon - performances were live-streamed from both Studios 3 and 4, with a third studio employed for additional mixing. The film crew’s gallery had to be built into the corridor!

6. The Beatles recorded their own radio show at Maida Vale

For 15 weeks in 1963, The Beatles had their own teatime show on the BBC’s Light Programme called Pop Go The Beatles. A couple of the episodes were recorded in Maida Vale Studio 5, for which the band performed fresh takes on 'Please Please Me' tracks 'Twist And Shout', 'PS I Love You' and 'I Saw Him Standing There', as well versions of Elvis Presley’s 'That’s All Right (Mama)' and Carl Perkins’s 'Lend Me Your Comb' that never made it onto an album. Oddly, Pop Go the Beatles wasn’t a runaway success; with Beatlemania yet to fully kick in, the show secured only average listening figures, scoring just 52 out of 100 on the BBC’s appreciation index.

7. It’s a crucible of collaboration

Paul McCartney meets James Bay during a recording of Radio 4's Mastertapes

Because there are numerous artists from wildly different backgrounds - rock, classical, jazz, you name it - using Maida Vale at any one time, this can lead to some interesting collaborations as musicians bump into each other in the corridor. Indie-electronica band Vaults and house duo Gorgon City were both invited to play Rob Da Bank’s Christmas party at Maida Vale in 2013; as a result, the two outfits ended up collaborating on 2016 single All Four Walls. We're still waiting for the same to happen with Paul McCartney and James Bay...

8. Bing Crosby made his last ever recording at Maida Vale

On 11 October 1977, beloved crooner Bing Crosby recorded an eight-song session for Radio 2 in Maida Vale Studio 3 with The Gordon Rose Orchestra. Three days later he collapsed and died after a round of golf at La Moraleja in Spain. A plaque inside the studio commemorates the recording.

9. Its props cupboard is a source of wonder

James Blake and Rob Da Bank in the Maida Vale props cupboard

Maida Vale Studio 6 is where many BBC Radio 4 dramas are recorded. As they still create their own sound effects, there is a huge props cupboard next-door full of weird and wonderful items such as fake doors, bicycle wheels, bells, swords, chains, telephones, crockery to be clunked or smashed and piles of unspooled magnetic tape, which when trodden on apparently replicates the sound of walking through snow.

The Flaming Lips' Steven Drozd joins Shaun Keaveny

The Flaming Lips' Steven Drozd joins Shaun in search of interesting sounds at the BBC.

10. There is a celeste in every studio

Pekka Kuusisto plays Studio 3's celeste during a session for BBC Radio 3's Late Junction

Not 'Stop This Flame' popstar Celeste, just to clarify - we're referring to the keyboard instrument that looks like a tiny piano but
sounds more like a glockenspiel.

Invented in the late 19th Century, it features prominently in Tchaikovsky’s 'Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy', Frank Sinatra’s 'I’ll Never Smile Again' and The Velvet Underground’s 'Sunday Morning'. Celestes are rarely manufactured these days and as such, they are expensive and hard to come by. Luckily there is one in every studio at Maida Vale, hence the abnormally frequent appearances of a celeste on BBC session recordings.

There actually used to be even more celestes at Maida Vale, but one was apparently sold to the band Toploader, who used it on their 1999 hit 'Dancing in the Moonlight'.

11. A secret river runs under the building

Lift up a metal cover in Maida Vale Studio 7, formerly a drama studio but now used for storage and occasional DJ broadcasts, and you can see a little river flowing beneath. It’s a rare glimpse of the Westbourne, one of London’s ‘buried’ rivers, which flows through a secret network of tunnels and sewers from Whitestone Pond on Hampstead Heath into the Thames at Chelsea.

Maida Vale, we will miss you.