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First woman Physics Nobel winner in 55 years 五十五年来首位女性获诺贝尔物理学奖

学习要点

有关 “inventions 发明” 的词汇

边看边答

What is the practical application of Professor Strickland's research?

文字稿

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics … The ultimate scientific accolade. And Professor Donna Strickland is only the third woman ever to have won a Nobel Prize in physics. She and her fellow winners were honoured for what the Nobel Committee called ground-breaking inventions in laser physics. Professor Strickland devised a way to use lasers as very precise drilling or cutting tools. Millions of eye operations are performed every year with these sharpest of laser beams.

2018年诺贝尔物理学奖…这是科学界的最高荣誉。而唐娜·斯特里克兰教授是有史以来第三位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。她与同获殊荣的得奖者们凭借被诺贝尔奖委员会称为具有开创性的激光物理学的发明而获奖。斯特里克兰教授发明了一种把激光当作极精准的钻切工具的方法。每年有数以百万次的眼科手术都是利用这种最锋利的激光束而完成的。

How surprising do you think it is that you're the third woman to win this prize?

你是获得该奖项的第三位女性，对于这点你感到惊讶吗？

Professor Donna Strickland, joint winner, Nobel Prize in Physics
Well that is surprising, isn't it? I think that's the story that people want to talk about - that why should it take 60 years? There are so many women out there doing fantastic research, so why does it take so long to get recognised?

唐娜·斯特里克兰教授诺贝尔物理学奖共同得主之一
“的确很让人惊讶，不是吗？我认为这是人们想要谈论的事：为什么用了六十年？有那么多女性从事着非凡的研究，那么为什么花这么长时间才能得到认可？”

Physics still has one of the largest gender gaps in science. One recent study concluded that at the current rates it would be more than two centuries until there were equal numbers of senior male and female researchers in the field.

物理学界的性别差距排在科学领域的前列。一项新研究得出的结论是：照目前的速度来看，需要两个多世纪的时间才能在该领域中达到资深男女研究员的人数相等。

The last woman to win a physics Nobel was German-born Maria Goeppert-Mayer in 1963 for her discoveries about the nuclei of atoms. Before that it was Marie Curie, who shared the 1903 prize with her husband, Pierre. This year's winners hope that breaking this half century hiatus will mean the focus in future will be on the research, rather than the gender of the researcher.

上一位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性是生于德国的玛丽亚·格佩特-梅耶，她在1963年凭借其有关原子核的发现而获奖。在此之前，“居里夫人” 玛丽·居里和她丈夫皮埃尔在1903年共同获得了该殊荣。今年的获奖者们希望打破半世纪以来无女性得主的空白意味着未来人们将更关注研究本身，而非研究者的性别。

词汇

ground-breaking 突破性的，开创性的

devised 构思了，发明了

to get recognised 得到认可、表彰

in the field 在该领域内

你知道吗？

The Nobel Prize was created by Alfred Nobel (1833-1893), a Swedish chemist and the inventor of dynamite. He used the bulk of his huge fortune to establish annual Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace. An Economics Prize was added later.

诺贝尔奖由瑞典化学家及炸药的发明者阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔（1833-1893）创立。他用自己的巨额财富创立了物理学、化学、生理学或医学、文学及和平等领域的年度奖项。后来又增加了一个经济学奖。